DIFFERENTIATION OF THE CONTENT OF UKRAINIAN SCHOOL TEXTBOOKS ON SOCIAL SCIENCE SUBJECTS AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY

Abstract

The article deals with changes in the content construction of school textbooks on social science subjects of the first decades of independent Ukraine that took place in the process of establishing of a new educational paradigm. The essence of the new paradigm is characterized, which is based on human centering, that has changed the evaluative judgments in the educational books. They were deprived of ideologization and politicization (this was precisely the differentiation of the content of Ukrainian school textbooks on social science subjects) and acquired national content. It was established that the external differentiation was dominant, that was manifested in a positive coverage of historical events, which in the Soviet times had a negative assessment. At the same time, the topics that were not in the Soviet historiography (history of church, Holodomor, etc.) appeared in the textbooks. The internal differentiation was manifested in giving a more significant status to particular historical events (National Liberation Struggle of 1917-1921 gained the status of the Ukrainian Revolution), in the ranking of historical personalities, etc. On the education of human dignity in the Ukrainian democratic society a course of law was directed. The approaches to the content formation of these educational books were determined, which aimed at the establishment of the idea of Ukrainian statehood, national accents in the development of society, democratization of the Ukrainian state. Differentiation of the content of the course of law was followed in accentuation on the legal basis of independent Ukraine. The continuation of this process was the development and introduction of a new model of legal education based on the course "Practical Law", which balanced the differentiation of state centering and human centering. The differentiation of the content of social studies courses was also seen in the integrated educational subject "Man and Society," which softened the dissonance between human centering and state centering in school textbooks. At the same time, it contained an internal meaningful differentiation, the poles of which were society and a man. The transformation of the content of school social science education, which started in the first years of Ukraine‘s independence, continues in today's textbook building. Therefore, the use of positive experience of past years will be helpful for the developers of textbooks of the new generation.